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, occasionally known as ,〔(The Shinto Shrine Agency of Ehime Prefecture )〕 was a Japanese empress who ruled beginning in the year 201. The consort to Emperor Chūai, she also served as Regent from the time of her husband's death in 201 until her son Emperor Ōjin acceded to the throne in 269.〔Titsingh, Isaac. (1834). (''Annales des empereurs du japon'', pp. 16–19 ); Brown, Delmer M. (1979). (''Gukanshō,'' p. 255 ); Varley, Paul. (1980). ''Jinnō Shōtōki'', pp. 101–103.〕 Up until the Meiji period, Jingū was considered to have been the 15th Japanese imperial ruler, according to the traditional order of succession (hence her alternate title ''Jingū tennō'' 神功天皇); but a re-evaluation of the extant historical records caused her name to be removed from that list; and her son, Emperor Ōjin, is today considered to have been the 15th sovereign. ==Legendary narrative== No firm dates can be assigned to this historical figure's life or reign. Jingū is regarded by historians as a "legendary" figure because there is insufficient material available for further verification and study. Jingū's name before her accession to the Chrysanthemum throne is said to have been Okinagatarashi-hime (息長帯比売). Although the final resting place of this legendary regent/sovereign remains unknown, Jingū's officially designated ''misasagi'' or tomb can be visited today at Misasagi-chō in Nara.〔.〕 This ''kofun''-type Imperial tomb is characterized by a keyhole-shaped island located within a wide, water-filled moat.〔(context of ''kofun'' characteristics )〕 Kitabatake Chikafusa (1293–1354)〔Mason, Penelope. ''History of Japanese Art''. Second Edition. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Prentice Hall, 2005, p. 29.〕 and Arai Hakuseki (1657–1725) claimed that she was actually Himiko, the third century shaman-queen of Yamataikoku, and, because Himiko was a historical figure, had to be included as a member of the imperial family by the authors of the ''Nihon Shoki''. Among modern scholars, Naitō Torajirō estimates that she is Yamatohime-no-mikoto, while Higo Kazuo suggests that she is Yamato-totohimomoso-hime. In 1881, Empress Jingū became the first woman to be featured on a Japanese banknote;〔.〕 however, since no actual images of this legendary figure are known to exist, the representation of Jingū which was artistically contrived by Edoardo Chiossone is entirely conjectural. The Imperial Household has designated an official mausoleum at Saki no Tatanami no ike no e no ''Misasagi'', Nara, in what was formerly Yamato province.〔Ponsonby-Fane, Richard. (1959). ''The Imperial House of Japan,'' p. 424.〕 Excluding the legendary Jingū, there were eight reigning empresses and their successors were most often selected from amongst the males of the paternal Imperial bloodline, which is why some conservative scholars argue that the women's reigns were temporary and that male-only succession tradition must be maintained in the 21st century.〔Yoshida, Reiji. ("Life in the Cloudy Imperial Fishbowl," ) ''Japan Times.'' March 27, 2007; retrieved 2013-8-22.〕 Empress Gemmei, who was followed on the throne by her daughter, Empress Genshō, remains the sole exception to this conventional argument. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Empress Jingū」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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